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Valmiki National Park (VTR)

The Valmiki Tiger Reserve forms the eastern most limit of the Himalayan Terai forest in India. Situated in the Gangetic Plains bio-geographic zone of the country, the forest has combination of bhabar and terai tracts. Boulder and pebble deposits by the Himalayan Rivers in the foothills characterize the Bhabar tract, while the finer sediment deposits feature terai lands.

The Valmiki National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary lie in the north-western most West Champaran district of Bihar. Name of the district has been derived from two words Champa and Aranya – meaning Forest of Champa trees. Geographically, it is situated between 83˚-50’ and 84˚-10’ E longitude and between 27˚-10’ and 27˚-03’ N latitude. Total forest area comprises of about 900 sq. kms out of which expense of Valmiki Wildlife Sanctuary is 880 sq. km. and spread of the National Park is about 335 sq. km. area. In north, the protected areas are bordered by Nepal while the Indian state Uttar Pradesh bounds the Wildlife Sanctuary from western side.

The Valmiki tract merges with the Chitwan National Park and Parsa Wildlife Reserve, also in the Himalayan terai, in the neighbor country Nepal. The total geographical extent of this trans-boundary wildlife zone being around 3000 sq. km. The Valmiki National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary are parts of a large tiger conservation landscape – the Royal Chitwan Tiger Conservation landscape. The Valmiki protected areas in India and Chitwan National Park and Parsa Wildlife Reserve in Nepal has been assessed as Level–1 Tiger Conservation Unit (TCU) by US–WWF due to adequate core areas and low poaching pressure.

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